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Related Concept Videos

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
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Schizophrenia01:17

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Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

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Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
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[Cognitive disorders in schizophrenia].

Axel Krug1, Frederike Stein2, Tilo Kircher2

  • 1Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, UKGM, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039, Marburg, Deutschland. kruga@staff.uni-marburg.de.

Der Nervenarzt
|September 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive disorders in schizophrenia impact psychosocial functioning and worsen during acute phases. While cognitive remediation offers modest benefits, current drug therapies do not improve these cognitive deficits.

Keywords:
Cognitive remediationDisorganization syndromeNegative symptomsPsychopathologyPsychosocial functioning level

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Cognitive disorders are a core feature of schizophrenia, significantly affecting psychosocial functioning.
  • Cognitive impairments are also observed in healthy relatives and ultra-high risk individuals, though to a lesser extent.
  • These deficits fluctuate with illness phases, increasing during acute episodes and returning to baseline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between cognitive deficits and psychosocial levels in schizophrenia.
  • To investigate the association between psychopathological symptoms and cognitive impairments.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of cognitive remediation and pharmacological treatments for cognitive dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Correlational analysis linking cognitive performance with psychosocial functioning.
  • Assessment of cognitive deficits in relation to negative symptoms and disorganization syndrome.
  • Review of studies on cognitive remediation training and drug therapies for schizophrenia.

Main Results:

  • Strong correlations were found between cognitive disorders and psychosocial functioning (quality of life, work, relationships).
  • Negative symptoms and disorganization syndrome showed the strongest association with cognitive deficits, worsening with symptom severity.
  • Cognitive remediation yielded small to moderate improvements in cognitive performance.
  • No current pharmacological treatments demonstrate a positive effect on cognitive disorders in schizophrenia.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are closely linked to psychosocial outcomes and psychopathological symptoms.
  • Cognitive remediation presents a viable strategy for improving cognitive function, albeit with limited effects.
  • Effective pharmacological treatments for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia are currently lacking.