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Microbiota and organophosphates.

Pablo Roman1, Diana Cardona2, Lluis Sempere3

  • 1Departamento de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Medicina, Universidad de Almería, La Cañada, 04120 Almería, Spain; Health Research Center, University of Almería, Spain; Health Sciences Research Group (CTS-451), University of Almería, Spain.

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|September 28, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organophosphate (OP) pesticides cause neurotoxicity. This review explores how gut microbiota influences OP toxicity and discusses microbiome manipulation as a potential therapeutic strategy against these harmful effects.

Keywords:
ChlorpyrifosGastrointestinal microbiomeMicrobiotaOrganophospatesProbiotics

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Organophosphates (OPs) are widely used toxic compounds linked to neurodevelopmental abnormalities, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation.
  • The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host homeostasis and can influence the metabolism and neurotoxic outcomes of xenobiotics like OPs.
  • The microbiome-gut-brain axis highlights the gut microbiota's impact on brain function, suggesting its potential involvement in OP toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing scientific literature on the impact of gut microbiota in organophosphate (OP) toxicity.
  • To evaluate the contribution of microbiota to host pharmacokinetic responses, including the absorption and biotransformation of xenobiotics.
  • To discuss the potential of microbiome manipulation as a therapeutic strategy to mitigate OP toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of scientific articles examining the relationship between gut microbiota and OP toxicity.
  • Evaluation of studies focusing on microbiota's role in xenobiotic metabolism and pharmacokinetics.
  • Analysis of research on microbiome manipulation techniques such as antibiotic/probiotic administration and fecal transplantation.

Main Results:

  • Preclinical data suggest the gut microbiota can affect OP metabolism and neurotoxic outcomes.
  • Microbiota influences host pharmacokinetic responses, affecting xenobiotic absorption and biotransformation.
  • Microbiome manipulation strategies are emerging as potential treatments for various diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota significantly impacts host responses to organophosphate exposure.
  • Understanding the microbiome-gut-brain axis is key to developing novel therapeutic strategies for OP toxicity.
  • Microbiome manipulation holds promise as a novel approach to reduce the adverse health effects of organophosphates.