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Perception and self-management of hypertension in Chinese cardiologists (CCHS): a multicenter, large-scale
Lei Hou1,2, Xuejuan Jin1, Jianying Ma1
1Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Insights
Chinese cardiologists show high rates of hypertension risk factors and low antihypertensive treatment. Identified factors like age and BMI can guide preventive interventions for this high-risk group.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Hypertension is a significant global health concern.
- Understanding risk factor prevalence in healthcare professionals is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prevalence of hypertension risk factors among Chinese cardiologists.
- To identify factors associated with hypertension and antihypertensive treatment in this population.
Main Methods:
- A nationwide, cross-sectional observational study involving 28,924 cardiologists across 2441 hospitals in China.
- Data collected via a WeChat-based electronic questionnaire on demographics, lifestyle, and cardiovascular risk factors.
Main Results:
- Over 57% of cardiologists had elevated blood pressure (130-139/80-89 mmHg), with 22% having even higher readings (≥140/≥90 mmHg).
- Age, gender, BMI, smoking, and comorbidities were independently associated with hypertension.
- Low rates of antihypertensive drug use were observed among those with elevated blood pressure.
Conclusions:
- Chinese cardiologists exhibit a concerning prevalence of hypertension risk factors and underutilization of treatment.
- These findings highlight the need for increased awareness and preventive strategies within the medical community to address hypertension.
- Identified risk factors can inform targeted interventions to mitigate hypertension risk among cardiologists.
Objectives:
To determine the frequency of risk factors for hypertension among Chinese cardiologists using a nation-wide survey.
Design:
Multicenter, cross-sectional observational study.
Setting:
2441 hospitals across China were surveyed between September 2016 and August 2017.
Participants:
All in-service cardiologists were surveyed (n=28 924).
Interventions:
WeChat-based electronic data capture system, a social application in China (Tencent, Nanshan, China), was used for data acquisition. Physician subscribed to the WeChat official account of the China Cardiologist Heart Study, and filled out an online questionnaire that included age, gender, level of in-service hospital, professional title, academic degree, area of expertise and cardiovascular risk factors. All information was required.
Primary And Secondary Outcome Measures:
The primary outcome was the presence of cardiovascular risk factors. The secondary outcome was the impact of the risk factors on the occurrence of hypertension.
Results:
Among 28 924 Chinese cardiologists who completed the questionnaire, 57.6% had blood pressure of 130-139/80-89 mm Hg (5.3% were taking antihypertensive drugs) and 22.0% had blood pressure >140/>90 mm Hg (36.5% were taking antihypertensive drugs). The multivariable analysis showed that age, gender, academic degree, hospital level, body mass index (BMI), smoking and comorbidities were independently associated with hypertension among cardiologists (all p<0.05). Age, female gender, BMI, smoking, family history of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and comorbidities were independently associated with taking antihypertensive drugs among hypertensive cardiologists (all p<0.05). Age, hospital level, professional title, BMI, family history of CVDs and comorbidities were independently associated with reaching target blood pressure among hypertensive cardiologists taking antihypertensive drugs.
Conclusion:
Chinese cardiologists do not recognise and pay attention to their own blood pressure. Their rate of antihypertensive treatment was low. The identified risk factors could be used to identify cardiologists at higher risk for hypertension and for implementing preventive interventions.
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