Emerging medical applications based on non-ionizing electromagnetic fields from 0 Hz to 10 THz

Area of Science:

• Biophysics
• Medical Physics
• Electromagnetic Biology

Background:

• Non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (EMF) have been explored for medical applications for decades.
• Established EMF therapies are widely used globally, but this review focuses on emerging and developmental applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current and developing medical applications of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (EMF).
• To assess the clinical role and limitations of EMF-based therapies and diagnostics.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of EMF applications in bone healing, cancer treatment, neurological conditions, and diathermy.
• Inclusion of modalities in early stages of development and those with some clinical role.

Main Results:

• Most reviewed EMF technologies are therapeutic, with few diagnostic methods mentioned.
• Current EMF applications are not expected to replace conventional treatments due to limited mechanistic understanding and lack of robust clinical trials.
• EMF methods often serve niche roles, complementing established treatments.

Conclusions:

• EMF-based medical applications currently have a limited impact, often serving as adjuncts to conventional therapies.
• Further development requires a deeper understanding of EMF-biological interactions, especially at low intensities.
• Investigating the influence of specific EMF parameters is crucial for advancing these technologies.