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Assay to Measure Nucleocytoplasmic Transport in Real Time within Motor Neuron-like NSC-34 Cells
Published on: May 16, 2017
C9ORF72 protein function and immune dysregulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Jesse D Lai1, Justin K Ichida2
1Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.
Abstract:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressing disease that affects upper and lower motor neurons eventually leading to paralysis and death by respiratory dysfunction. The most common genetic variant among ALS patients is a hexanucleotide repeat expansion within the first intron of the gene C9ORF72. This expansion elicits a complex cascade of events as a result of both gain- and loss-of-function mechanisms that contribute to neurodegeneration. Increasing evidence suggests that this repeat expansion in C9ORF72 also influences the immune homeostasis. In this review, we consolidate the current understanding of C9ORF72-mediated pathogenesis in both the central nervous system and peripheral immune system and propose mechanisms by which the immune system contributes to ALS.
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