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Exercise for Nonagenarians: A Systematic Review.

Kyle J Miller1, David Suárez-Iglesias2, Silvia Varela3,4

  • 1School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia.

Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy (2001)
|October 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physical exercise interventions show benefits for nonagenarians, improving muscular strength and lower body function. Further research should explore aerobic exercise and cognitive effects in this age group.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Exercise Science
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Physical Therapy

Background:

  • Limited scientific evidence exists on the benefits of physical exercise for nonagenarians (individuals aged 90 years and older).
  • This systematic review addresses the scarcity of research by evaluating existing studies on exercise interventions for the oldest old.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize evidence on the characteristics and methodological quality of studies examining the effects of physical exercise on nonagenarians.
  • To assess the impact of exercise interventions on the physical functioning of individuals aged 90+.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library) up to November 2018.
  • Included studies involved exercise interventions for participants aged 90 years or older.
  • Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale for randomized controlled trials and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute tools for other designs.

Main Results:

  • Seven studies (3 RCTs, 1 retrospective, 2 case reports, 1 single-subject) met the inclusion criteria, with methodological quality ranging from poor to good.
  • Interventions primarily focused on muscular strengthening and balance exercises, with no reported adverse effects.
  • Exercise significantly improved muscular strength and global lower body functioning (SMD = 0.47; P < .01), with mixed effects on gait and balance.

Conclusions:

  • Physical exercise is a feasible and beneficial therapy for nonagenarians, leading to improvements in physical functioning.
  • Future research should investigate the effects of aerobic exercise interventions and the impact of exercise on cognitive function in nonagenarians.