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Premedication and Induction of Anaesthesia in paediatric patients

Nandini Malay Dave1

  • 1Department of Paediatric Anaesthesia, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
|October 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Minimizing preoperative anxiety in children is crucial for better surgical outcomes. This review covers pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods for managing pediatric anxiety and discusses anesthetic induction techniques.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Perioperative anxiety in children is linked to adverse outcomes like emergence delirium and behavioral changes.
  • Child's age and temperament are key predictors of preoperative anxiety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods for minimizing preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients.
  • To discuss anesthetic induction techniques for infants and children undergoing surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of the MEDLINE database was conducted.
  • Keywords included preoperative anxiety, child, premedication, pediatric, and anesthetic induction.
  • Search was limited to English articles without date restrictions.

Main Results:

  • Identified predictors of preoperative anxiety include age and temperament.
  • Details pharmacological and non-pharmacological anxiety reduction strategies.
  • Discusses inhalational, intravenous, and rapid sequence induction in children.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized anesthetic plans are essential, especially for children with behavioral disorders or aspiration risk.
  • Effective management of preoperative anxiety can improve pediatric surgical outcomes.

Keywords:
Anaesthesiaanxietyinductionpaediatricpremedication

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