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Altered Cingulate Cortex Functional Connectivity in Normal Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Nicoletta Cera1, Roberto Esposito2, Filippo Cieri3

  • 1Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|October 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with altered brain connectivity. This study found significant differences in cingulate cortex functional connectivity (FC) between healthy elders and MCI patients, suggesting FC abnormalities may help understand MCI brain mechanisms.

Keywords:
MCIagingcingulate cortexfMRIfunctional connectivityresting-state FC-fMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neurology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The brain exhibits specialized networks with coherent spontaneous activity fluctuations.
  • The cingulate cortex is crucial in default mode, dorsal attention, and salience networks.
  • Understanding cingulate cortex functional connectivity (FC) is vital for neurological research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map and compare FC patterns of anterior, mid, and posterior cingulate cortex subregions.
  • To investigate differences in FC between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients and healthy elderly subjects.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for MCI using resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI).

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 19 healthy elders and 16 MCI patients.
  • Excluded participants with visual, motor, medical, psychiatric, or neurological impairments.
  • Utilized fMRI to assess resting-state network activities and cognitive tests (MMSE, FAB, Babcock story).

Main Results:

  • Healthy elders showed higher FC in the ventral anterior cingulate cortex with the caudate and ventromedial prefrontal cortex compared to MCI patients.
  • Healthy elders exhibited greater midcingulate cortex FC in somatomotor, prefrontal, and superior parietal regions.
  • MCI patients displayed increased FC in the superior frontal gyrus, frontal eye field, and orbitofrontal cortex.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive decline in MCI is linked to impaired global FC of the cingulate cortex.
  • Abnormalities in cingulate cortex resting-state activities may serve as a tool to understand MCI brain mechanisms.
  • FC patterns of the cingulate cortex offer potential insights into the neurobiology of cognitive decline.