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Functional Regulation of Macrophage Phenotypes by MicroRNAs in Inflammatory Arthritis

Xiaoling Niu1,2, Grant S Schulert2

  • 1Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, The Children's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Pudong, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|October 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRs) influence immune cell function in inflammatory arthritis like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Targeting miRs may offer new therapeutic strategies for these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) involve altered monocyte and macrophage function.
  • MicroRNAs (miRs) are key regulators of inflammation and macrophage polarization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functional roles of miRs in macrophages within inflammatory arthritis.
  • To examine the in vivo effects of miR alteration in experimental arthritis models.
  • To consider the clinical potential of targeting miRs for monocyte and macrophage polarization in RA and JIA.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on microRNA functions in macrophages.
  • Analysis of experimental arthritis models with in vivo miR modulation.
  • Evaluation of current miR-targeting strategies for clinical application.

Main Results:

  • Specific miRs play critical roles in regulating macrophage polarization in inflammatory arthritis.
  • In vivo studies demonstrate the impact of miR alteration on immune cell function.
  • miRs can promote or limit inflammatory phenotypes through distinct mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are crucial modulators of immune cell behavior in inflammatory arthritis.
  • Targeting miRs offers a promising avenue for novel therapeutic interventions in RA and JIA.
  • Further research into in vivo miR effects is essential for clinical translation.
Keywords:
juvenile idiopathic arthritismacrophage polarizationmicroRNA inhibitorsmicroRNA mimicsrheumatic arthritissystemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

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