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Related Concept Videos

The Spinal Cord01:54

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The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
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Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

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The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
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Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy01:16

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The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
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Spinal Cord01:26

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The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.
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Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy01:15

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The spinal cord resides within the protective confines of the vertebral column. It is the main pathway for information traveling between the brain and the body. It plays a fundamental role in nearly all bodily functions, from simple reflexes to complex motor movements. The spinal cord begins at the medulla oblongata at the base of the brainstem and extends downward, terminating at the conus medullaris near the first and second lumbar vertebrae. The spinal cord's length in adults is...
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The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
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Chicken Embryo Spinal Cord Slice Culture Protocol
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Decoding Cell Type Diversity Within the Spinal Cord.

Courtney I Dobrott1, Anupama Sathyamurthy1, Ariel J Levine1

  • 1Spinal Circuits and Plasticity Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.

Current Opinion in Physiology
|October 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding mammalian spinal cord function requires identifying diverse neuronal cell types. Transcriptional profiling is a powerful method for characterizing these cell populations and their unique characteristics.

Keywords:
single cell sequencingspinal cord atlasspinal cord neurons

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Mammalian spinal cord function relies on diverse, identifiable cell types.
  • Cell type definition integrates location, morphology, lineage, electrophysiology, circuits, gene expression, and behavior.
  • A comprehensive understanding requires correlating these diverse characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in identifying mammalian spinal cord neuronal cell types.
  • To emphasize the utility of transcriptional profiling in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on spinal cord cell type identification.
  • Focus on transcriptional profiling techniques and their application.
  • Integration of multi-parameter data for cell type characterization.

Main Results:

  • Advances in identifying distinct spinal cord neuronal populations.
  • Demonstration of transcriptional profiling's power in cell type discovery.
  • Highlighting the correlation of multi-modal data for robust cell identity.

Conclusions:

  • Transcriptional profiling is crucial for defining mammalian spinal cord cell types.
  • Continued research integrating diverse data types will advance our understanding of spinal cord circuitry and function.