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Probabilistic Hysteresis in Integrable and Chaotic Isolated Hamiltonian Systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic physics
  • Quantum chaos
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Investigating the microscopic origins of irreversibility is a fundamental challenge in physics.
  • Dynamical chaos is a key phenomenon in classical and quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose feasible experiments for studying the onset of irreversibility using ultracold atoms.
  • To explore the role of dynamical chaos in microscopic irreversibility.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing small, isolated systems of ultracold atoms.
  • Employing a control parameter sweep with a critical value and return.
  • Analyzing the probability of atoms failing to return to their initial state (hysteresis).

Main Results:

  • Hysteresis is observed as a finite probability of atoms not returning to their initial state.
  • Chaotic dynamics during the parameter sweep create distinct features in the final state distribution.
  • These features are predicted to be clearly observable in experiments.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamical chaos plays a crucial role in the microscopic onset of irreversibility.
  • Ultracold atom experiments can provide clear, observable evidence of these effects.
  • The proposed experiments offer a novel pathway to study fundamental physics.