Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 6, 2026

09:07
Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses
Published on: January 20, 2017
10.5K
Host Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Modulating Influenza A Virus Disease in Humans
Aitor Nogales1, Marta L DeDiego2
1Center for Animal Health Research, INIA-CISA, 28130 Madrid, Spain. nogales.aitor@inia.es.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 3, 2019
Summary
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human genes influence viral infection susceptibility and severity. Understanding these genetic variations is crucial for predicting disease outcomes and improving influenza A virus (IAV) vaccine effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are common genetic variations affecting gene expression and protein function.
- SNPs are linked to various human diseases, underscoring their medical significance.
- Research on human genome polymorphisms, particularly SNPs, has intensified due to their relevance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the importance of SNPs in understanding influenza A virus (IAV) infections.
- To explore the role of SNPs in human susceptibility and symptom severity during IAV infection.
- To discuss the impact of SNPs on the effectiveness of IAV vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on SNPs and viral infections.
- Analysis of the association between specific SNPs and IAV infection outcomes.
- Examination of the influence of genetic variations on disease pathology and vaccine response.
Main Results:
- Specific SNPs are associated with increased susceptibility and severity of infectious diseases, including IAV.
- Genetic variations can alter an individual's response to IAV infection.
- SNPs play a role in determining the effectiveness of influenza vaccines.
Conclusions:
- SNPs are critical genetic factors influencing human susceptibility and disease severity in IAV infections.
- Understanding the impact of SNPs is essential for personalized medicine approaches in managing viral infections.
- Targeting SNP-related pathways may enhance the efficacy of IAV vaccines and disease prevention strategies.
Related Concept Videos
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
17.8K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
17.8K
Leaky Scanning
5.6K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.6K
Viral Mutations
39.5K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
39.5K
Viral Recombination
24.8K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
24.8K

