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Lifestyle risk factor communication by nurses in general practice: Understanding the interactional elements.

Sharon James¹, Susan McInnes², Elizabeth Halcomb²

¹School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Bega, NSW, Australia.

Journal of Advanced Nursing

|October 3, 2019

Summary

General practice nurses need enhanced communication strategies and patient awareness to effectively discuss lifestyle risks. Improving continuity of care and patient-centred communication supports behaviour change and chronic disease management.

Keywords:

counselling general practice interactions lifestyle nursing patient relations primary care qualitative descriptive thematic analysis

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Area of Science:

Nursing
Healthcare Communication
Lifestyle Risk Reduction

Background:

Effective communication regarding lifestyle risk is crucial for chronic disease management.
General practice nurses (GPNs) play a key role in patient health behaviours.
Understanding interactional factors influencing GPN-patient communication is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore GPNs' perceptions of interactional factors supporting patient communication about lifestyle risk.
To identify barriers and facilitators in lifestyle risk conversations.
To inform strategies for improving GPNs' role in lifestyle risk reduction.

Main Methods:

Qualitative descriptive study using a concurrent mixed methods design.
Fifteen Australian GPNs were interviewed post-consultation.
Interviews followed video-recorded chronic disease management consultations.

Main Results:

'Interactional Factors' included 'Relational factors' (communication techniques for continuity) and 'Patient factors' (motivation, readiness for change).
Lack of patient awareness regarding the GPN role hindered lifestyle risk discussions.
Relational continuity and patient readiness significantly impacted conversations.

Conclusions:

Optimizing continuity of nursing care enhances lifestyle risk reduction conversations.
Enhanced patient-centred communication training for GPNs is recommended.
Increasing patient awareness of GPN roles is vital for effective lifestyle risk discussions.