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Related Concept Videos

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

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An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
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Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

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The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
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Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
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Solid-State Nanopore Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer.

Makusu Tsutsui1, Kazumichi Yokota1,2, Akihide Arima1

  • 1The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research , Osaka University , Mihogaoka 8-1 , Osaka , Ibaraki 567-0047 , Japan.

ACS Sensors
|October 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary

We developed a label-free nanoparticle mass detection method using nanoscale tracking of electrophoretic motion. This technique can discriminate femtogram mass differences in liquid, enabling new applications in proteomics and pathogen screening.

Keywords:
electrophoresishydrodynamic dragmass spectrometrynanoporetime-of-flight

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Nanoscience
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Field-controlled dynamics of ionized substances in a vacuum are utilized for mass spectroscopy.
  • Existing methods for mass detection in liquid often require labels or can be destructive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a label-free, nondestructive method for detecting the mass of single nanoparticles in liquid.
  • To enable femtogram-level mass discrimination of nanoparticles using nanoscale tracking.

Main Methods:

  • Nanoscale tracking of single nanoparticles undergoing electrophoretic motion through a solid-state nanopore.
  • Analysis of ionic blockade phenomena and multiphysics simulations to dissect particle motion.
  • Characterization of viscous-drag-mediated exponential decay in electrophoretic speed.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated label-free and nondestructive mass detection of nanoparticles in liquid.
  • Achieved discrimination of nanoparticles with femtogram mass differences.
  • Validated the method's viability for a wide range of objects passing through the sensing zone.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoscale tracking of electrophoretic motion provides a powerful tool for label-free mass measurement.
  • The developed sensor technology has potential applications in pathogen screening and proteomics.
  • This method offers a new avenue for analyzing biological and chemical samples in solution.