Multibiologism: An anthropological and bioethical framework for moving beyond medicalization

Area of Science:

• Physiological sciences
• Social sciences
• Bioethics

Background:

• Human plasticity is increasingly recognized as a key factor in physiological experiences.
• Variations in plasticity influence basic processes like brain development and daily sleep needs.
• Current medical and social science approaches are beginning to address human variation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a theoretical framework, multibiologism, for understanding human physiological variation.
• To advocate for institutional reform in response to human plasticity, particularly concerning sleep.
• To expand the definition of "normal" physiological experiences.

Main Methods:

• Theoretical articulation of multibiologism.
• Analysis of how U.S. institutions (work, family, school) structure lives and pathologize sleep.
• Focus on institutional reform rather than solely critiquing medicalization.

Main Results:

• Identifies institutional structures as key in pathologizing certain sleep patterns.
• Proposes that minor institutional alterations can decrease pathologization.
• Suggests multibiologism as a foundation for interdisciplinary collaboration.

Conclusions:

• Multibiologism offers a new perspective on human variation and institutional practices.
• Reforming institutions can lead to less pathologization of diverse physiological needs, including sleep.
• This approach can foster collaboration in social sciences, bioethics, and medical practice for institutional reform.