Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
Published on: October 18, 2024
Esmael Habtamu1, Andrew Bastawrous1,2, Nigel M Bolster2
1International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
A new smartphone-based contrast sensitivity (CS) test, PeekCS, is repeatable, rapid, and comparable to the Pelli-Robson CS test. This accessible tool enhances visual function assessment, especially in community settings.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: