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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study validates the Ethical Awareness Scale (EAS) for critical care nurses, finding it psychometrically sound. The scale helps interpret nurses' ethical awareness levels, informing education and practice improvements.

Keywords:
Clinical ethicsRasch modelethical awarenessnursingpsychometrics

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing
  • Healthcare Ethics
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Ethical awareness (EA) is crucial for safe nursing care, yet nurses may feel unprepared to address ethical issues.
  • The Ethical Awareness Scale (EAS) showed promise in pilot testing for measuring EA in critical care nurses.
  • This study aimed to expand the sample, replicate psychometric analyses, investigate model fit, and develop score interpretation guidelines for the EAS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To confirm the psychometric properties of the Ethical Awareness Scale (EAS) in a larger sample of intensive care unit (ICU) nurses.
  • To establish score interpretation guidelines for the EAS to inform nursing education and practice.
  • To investigate the invariance of item difficulty estimates across different samples.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cross-sectional survey data from 240 ICU nurses across two New England hospitals.
  • Conducted invariance testing using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression.
  • Performed Rasch analysis using a rating scale model and developed a score interpretation framework.

Main Results:

  • The combined sample (N=240) showed predominantly female nurses with Bachelor's degrees; mean EA was in the low/moderate range (36.2/54).
  • Achieved a Cronbach's alpha of 0.86, indicating good internal consistency.
  • Rasch analysis confirmed a valid scale structure, appropriate use of scoring categories, and adequate model-data fit, with invariant item difficulty.

Conclusions:

  • The Ethical Awareness Scale (EAS) is a psychometrically sound and meaningful measure for critical care nurses.
  • The EAS provides interpretable scores, allowing for the description of nurses' ethical awareness levels.
  • Findings support the use of the EAS in nursing education and practice to enhance ethical awareness.