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Epidemiology of pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Tania Miyuki Shimoda-Sakano1, Cláudio Schvartsman2, Amélia Gorete Reis3

  • 1Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Pediatria, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Pronto Socorro do Instituto da Criança, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo (SPSP), Departamento de Emergência, Coordenação Ressuscitação Pediátrica, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Sociedade de Cardiologia de São Paulo, Curso de PALS (Pediatric Advanced Life Support), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Jornal De Pediatria
|October 4, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) survival rates differ significantly between prehospital and hospital settings. Advances in CPR science, particularly in developed nations, are improving survival outcomes, especially in hospitals.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric emergency medicine
  • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation science
  • Epidemiology of cardiac arrest

Background:

  • Pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) outcomes vary between prehospital and hospital environments.
  • Pediatric prehospital cardiac arrest has a lower survival rate compared to in-hospital events, often occurring at home in infants.
  • In-hospital CPR shows increased mortality with age, contrasting with prehospital trends.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze epidemiological factors influencing pediatric CPR survival.
  • To assess the impact of scientific evidence on pediatric CPR outcomes.
  • To identify disparities in pediatric CPR research and outcomes globally.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative literature review of PubMed/MEDLINE up to January 2019.
  • Inclusion of original articles, reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and congress annals.
  • Manual searching of selected relevant articles.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric prehospital CPR survival is lower (1/3) than in-hospital, associated with home location and younger age.
  • Factors improving survival include witnessed arrest, shockable rhythm, emergency care, AED use, and dispatcher-assisted CPR.
  • In-hospital survival correlates with shorter CPR duration, weekday/daytime events, shockable rhythm, and prior monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress in pediatric CPR science, especially in developed countries.
  • Understanding epidemiological factors is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Further research in emerging countries is needed to address local factors influencing CPR survival.
Abstract

Keywords:
AssistoliaAsystoleAtividade elétrica sem pulsoCardiopulmonary arrestCardiopulmonary resuscitationFibrilação ventricularParada cardiorrespiratóriaPulseless electrical activityPulseless ventricular tachycardiaRessuscitação cardiopulmonarTaquicardia ventricular sem pulsoVentricular fibrillation

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