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Summary

This study introduces a new theory for understanding ultrasound image quality by approximating the point spread function (PSF) formation. The theory accurately explains how factors like transducer aperture and steering angle impact image quality, aligning with simulations and experiments.

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Acoustics
Signal Processing

Background:

Ultrasound image quality is critical and often assessed using the point spread function (PSF).
Practical factors like transducer design and imaging parameters influence PSF formation.
Existing numerical simulations lack mechanistic explanations for PSF development.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a theoretical approximation for point spread function (PSF) formation in plane-wave ultrasound imaging.
To incorporate key physical factors into a unified theoretical framework for PSF analysis.
To provide a mechanistic understanding of PSF formation beyond conventional simulations.

Main Methods:

Developed a Fourier-based theoretical approximation for PSF formation.
Integrated factors including transducer aperture, element directivity, apodization, pitch, imaging position, and steering angle into the theory.
Validated the theoretical model against numerical simulations and experimental data.

Main Results:

The proposed theory provides a mechanistic explanation for PSF formation in plane-wave ultrasound.
The theoretical model accurately predicts the influence of various imaging parameters on PSF.
High consistency was observed between theoretical predictions, numerical simulations, and experimental results.

Conclusions:

The developed theoretical approximation offers a novel approach to understanding ultrasound image quality.
This theory enhances the analysis of PSF formation by elucidating the underlying mechanisms.
The findings are validated and applicable to practical ultrasound system design and optimization.