Progressive idiopathic condylar resorption: Three case reports

Progressive condylar resorption, also known as idiopathic condylar resorption, is an uncommon, aggressive, degenerative disease of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) seen mostly in adolescent girls and young women. This condition leads to loss of condylar bone mass, decrease of mandibular ramal height, steep mandibular and occlusal plane angles, and an anterior open bite. In 3 case reports, we review the pathogenesis of TMJ degenerative disease and the clinical management of TMJ arthrosis. We emphasize that TMJ arthritic disease should be discussed in dental circles as a pathologic entity in the same way that orthodontists discuss arthritic disease in orthopedic circles. Regarding the degenerative pathology of the TMJ, treatment goals include restored function and pain reduction. The treatment methods used to achieve these goals can range from noninvasive therapy to minimally invasive and invasive surgery. Most patients can be treated noninvasively, and the importance of disease prevention and conservative management in the overall treatment of TMJ disease must be acknowledged. The decision to manage TMJ osteoarthrosis surgically must be based on evaluation of the patient's response to noninvasive treatments, mandibular form and function, and effect of the condition on his or her quality of life.