Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

4.4K
In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
4.4K
Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

21.5K
Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and...
21.5K
Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides02:38

Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides

7.8K
Cyclic ethers are heterocyclic compounds with an oxygen atom in the ring along with carbon atoms. They are named depending on the number of carbon atoms present in their ring system. Cyclic ethers with a three-membered ring system are called “oxirane”, four-membered ring systems as “oxetane”, five-membered ring systems as “oxolane”, and six-membered ring systems as “oxane”. The cyclic structure of these rings imposes angle strain, and this strain...
7.8K
Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids02:04

Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids

7.2K
Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
7.2K
Preparation of Epoxides03:00

Preparation of Epoxides

9.0K
Overview
Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...
9.0K
Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols02:36

Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols

21.8K
Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.
21.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Polyelectrolyte Copolymer Nanoreactors: From Colloidal Assembly to Photoredox Activity in Water.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Cyclic polyglycolide by means of metal acetylacetonates.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Quantitative Analysis of Polymers by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry: Correlation Between Signal Intensity and Arm Number.

Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS·2026
Same author

Catechol-Containing Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline): Synthesis and Thermoresponsive Behavior in Aqueous Salt Solutions.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2025
Same author

Diblock Copolypeptoid Micelles as Platform for Aqueous Photoredox Cyanation of Arenes.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Syntheses of cyclic polylactides and the problem of catenane formation.

RSC advances·2025
Same journal

Reprocessable Disulfide-Based Vitrimers with Adhesive Properties.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

Micro- and Nanopatterning of Highly Conductive PEDOT Thin Films.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

From Molecular Structure to Macroscopic Performance: Insights into Polycarbosilane Curing.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

High-Yield Synthesis of Molecular Bottlebrushes With Block Copolymer Side Chains by the Copper Superoxido Complex Enabled ATRP via a Grafting-From Approach.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

Chemically and Mechanically Recyclable Polyolefins Incorporating Covalent Adaptable Networks.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same journal

Designing Thermally Stable DNA Hydrogels via Entropically-Driven Acridine Intercalation.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes
05:48

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes

Published on: November 21, 2017

8.5K

Poly(2-oxazoline)s Based on Phenolic Acids.

Nils Lüdecke1, Steffen M Weidner2, Helmut Schlaad1

  • 1Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|October 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microwave-assisted synthesis rapidly yields well-defined poly(2-oxazoline)s from phenolic-acid-based monomers. Subsequent deprotection creates polymers with valuable pendent catechol groups.

Keywords:
2-oxazolinecatecholcationic ring-opening polymerizationmicrowavephenolic acid

More Related Videos

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes
05:15

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

7.2K
Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes
05:48

Controlled Photoredox Ring-Opening Polymerization of O-Carboxyanhydrides Mediated by Ni/Zn Complexes

Published on: November 21, 2017

8.5K
Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes
05:15

Solid-phase Synthesis of [4.4] Spirocyclic Oximes

Published on: February 6, 2019

7.2K
Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-2-alkoxyvinylsulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Poly(2-oxazoline)s are a versatile class of polymers with tunable properties.
  • Developing efficient and rapid polymerization methods is crucial for their broader application.
  • Functionalization of poly(2-oxazoline)s allows for tailored material characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel phenolic-acid-based 2-oxazoline monomers.
  • To investigate the rapid microwave-assisted polymerization of these monomers.
  • To functionalize the resulting polymers by cleaving aryl methyl ethers to yield catechol groups.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of methoxy-substituted phenyl and cinnamyl side-chain 2-oxazoline monomers.
  • Microwave-assisted cationic ring-opening polymerization using methyl tosylate initiator.
  • Characterization using NMR spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC).
  • Deprotection of aryl methyl ethers using aluminum triiodide/N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide.

Main Results:

  • Rapid polymerization (<10 min) achieved at 140 °C with low monomer-to-initiator ratios.
  • Produced poly(2-oxazoline)s with controlled molar masses (up to 6500 g mol⁻¹) and low dispersity (1.2-1.3).
  • Successful deprotection yielded poly(2-oxazoline)s with pendent catechol groups.

Conclusions:

  • Microwave-assisted polymerization offers a fast and efficient route to well-defined functional poly(2-oxazoline)s.
  • The developed method allows for the introduction of catechol functionalities, expanding polymer applications.
  • This approach provides a valuable platform for creating advanced polymeric materials.