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General, Vertical, Three-Dimensional Printing of Two-Dimensional Materials with Multiscale Alignment.

Zhiqiang Liang1, Yong Pei2, Chaoji Chen1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States.

ACS Nano
|October 5, 2019
PubMed
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Researchers developed a 3D printing method for vertically aligned two-dimensional (2D) materials like boron nitride (BN) nanosheets. This technique enables hierarchical structures with enhanced thermal conductivity for advanced applications.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Additive Manufacturing

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer significant potential for energy, environmental, and electronics applications.
  • Vertical alignment of 2D materials is crucial for applications like batteries and thermal management but is challenging to achieve.
  • Existing methods struggle with the energetic barriers in processing 2D materials for ordered structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a general 3D printing method for fabricating vertically aligned 2D materials at multiple scales.
  • To demonstrate the fabrication of vertically aligned boron nitride (BN) nanosheets using this novel 3D printing approach.
  • To investigate the properties of the resulting hierarchical structures, particularly thermal conductivity.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
2D materials3D vertical printingalignmentboron nitridethermal management

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  • Developed a 3D printing technique utilizing optimized inks with shear-thinning behavior and high storage modulus.
  • Fabricated macroscale rods composed of vertically aligned BN nanosheets at the nanoscale.
  • Characterized the printability window and the through-plane thermal conductivity of the printed structures.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated multiscale, vertically aligned BN nanosheet structures using 3D printing.
  • The optimized ink formulation enabled the formation of hierarchical aligned structures.
  • Achieved an outstanding through-plane thermal conductivity of 5.65 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, significantly higher than horizontally aligned counterparts.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D printing method is a general approach for creating vertically aligned 2D materials.
  • This technique overcomes processing challenges, enabling hierarchical structures with enhanced properties.
  • The method holds promise for applications in batteries, membranes, and structural materials by enabling the use of various 2D materials.