A Rare Presentation of Gall Bladder Volvulus: A Case Report

BACKGROUND Gall bladder volvulus is a rare clinical entity, with only around 500 cases reported in the literature. It is defined as the rotation of the gallbladder on its mesentery along the axis of the cystic pedicle, although cases of torsion of the gallbladder fundus itself have been reported. CASE REPORT A 78-year-old woman presented for severe right upper-quadrant abdominal pain that began acutely 3 days prior. Her pain was accompanied by nausea and vomiting. She also reported feeling chills. Abdominal X-ray revealed a 7-cm-diameter subhepatic opacity containing gas. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scan revealed a distended and displaced gallbladder located below the liver, in contact with the right kidney. Subsequently, open cholecystectomy was performed, and a distended, necrotic gallbladder was found twisted on its pedicle; thus, a gall bladder volvulus was diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS In our patient, the classic patient characteristics of an elderly thin female with kyphosis were present. However, the rest of the presentation was not typical of gallbladder volvulus due to the patient's delay in seeking treatment, and was representative of the necrotic phase of gallbladder torsion, in which the patient becomes ill-appearing, with fever and chills, with significant abdominal rigidity.