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Pathogenesis of ventricular hypertrophy.

S Oparil

    Journal of the American College of Cardiology
    |June 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Heart growth shifts from cell division (hyperplasia) to cell enlargement (hypertrophy) after birth. This transition, crucial for cardiac development and response to stress, involves complex molecular mechanisms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Biology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Cellular Physiology

    Background:

    • Vertebrate heart growth involves myocardial cell hyperplasia during embryonic/fetal stages.
    • Postnatally, heart growth relies on myocardial cell hypertrophy and nonmuscle cell hyperplasia, increasing cell volume 30-40 fold.
    • The shift from hyperplastic to hypertrophic growth is linked to binucleated cell formation but the mechanism is unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the mechanisms of cardiac growth and adaptation to stress.
    • To understand the transition from hyperplastic to hypertrophic myocardial growth.
    • To identify stimuli and structural remodeling involved in cardiac hypertrophy.

    Main Methods:

    • The study describes developmental changes in myocardial cell growth patterns.

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  • It analyzes the heart's response to increased workload at different life stages.
  • It reviews known stimuli for cardiac hypertrophy.

    • Main Results:

    • Postnatal heart growth is characterized by myocardial cell hypertrophy and nonmuscle cell hyperplasia.
    • Increased workload in early life promotes hyperplasia, while in older animals it induces hypertrophy.
    • Cardiac hypertrophy involves cellular enlargement, structural remodeling, and is stimulated by pressure/volume overload and neurohumoral factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Cardiac growth strategies differ significantly between fetal/neonatal and older animals.
    • Understanding these growth patterns is key to comprehending heart adaptation to physiological and pathological stress.
    • Further research is needed to clarify the molecular basis of the hyperplastic-to-hypertrophic transition.