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Prospective Memory Relates to Attentional Control: Differential Patterns in Old Age.

Andreas Ihle1,2,3, Matthias Kliegel4,5,6, Nicola Ballhausen4,5,6

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Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders
|October 8, 2019
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Summary

Prospective memory (PM) in older adults is linked to memory and attention, but not conscientiousness. Young-old adults show a stronger connection between prospective memory and attentional control compared to old-old adults.

Keywords:
Attentional controlConscientiousnessProspective memoryYoung-old adults

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience of Aging

Background:

  • Prospective memory (PM) is crucial for daily functioning in older adults.
  • Understanding factors influencing PM across different age groups within older adulthood is important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between prospective memory, general memory, and attentional control.
  • To examine the role of conscientiousness in prospective memory.
  • To determine if these associations differ between young-old (YO) and old-old (OO) adults.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 562 older adults (mean age = 80.04 years).
  • Assessment of prospective memory using four distinct tasks.
  • Evaluation of memory (immediate and delayed cued recall) and attentional control (letter and category fluency).
  • Measurement of self-reported conscientiousness.

Main Results:

  • Latent variable analyses indicated that prospective memory was associated with both memory and attentional control in both YO and OO groups.
  • Conscientiousness did not show a significant association with prospective memory in either group.
  • Moderation analyses revealed a significantly stronger relationship between prospective memory and attentional control in YO adults compared to OO adults.

Conclusions:

  • Prospective memory performance is associated with underlying memory and attentional control abilities in older adults.
  • The findings suggest that young-old adults may leverage attentional control more effectively to support prospective memory compared to old-old adults.
  • Interventions aimed at improving attentional control could potentially benefit prospective memory more in younger-old individuals.