Should we reconsider the apoptosis as a strategic player in tissue regeneration?
Bruna Codispoti1, Irina Makeeva2, Jamal Sied3
1Marrelli Health, Tecnologica Research Institute, Biomedical Section, Street E. Fermi, Crotone, Italy.
Abstract:
Apoptosis plays a central role in organs development and homeostasis. Impaired regulation of this process is often associated with the onset of several human diseases, such as developmental disorders and cancer. The last scientific investigations have discovered interesting connections between apoptosis, stem cells, tissue regeneration and cancer. The role of "programmed cell death" in stem cells and tissue engineering is extremely promising; in fact, it holds great potential for regenerative purposes. However, several questions still remain unsolved: do we really know all the main molecular actors able to switch ON/OFF the apoptosis? Is it possible to modulate these players, to obtain a predictable regeneration of tissues and organs? But primarily: should we reconsider the apoptosis as a strategic player in tissue regeneration? In this topical review, we have carefully examined the most recent discoveries about the role of apoptosis in stem cells and, specifically, in mesenchymal stem cells. The pivotal molecules involved in the activation and inhibition of the apoptotic pathways will be carefully described, with the aim to shed an overall light on the complex scenario of stem cell life and death, and on a novel strategy for tissue regeneration.
Insights
Programmed cell death (apoptosis) is crucial for tissue regeneration. Understanding apoptosis regulators in stem cells offers new strategies for tissue engineering and treating diseases like cancer.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Cell Biology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Apoptosis is vital for organ development and homeostasis.
- Dysregulated apoptosis is linked to diseases including cancer and developmental disorders.
- Recent research highlights apoptosis's connection to stem cells, tissue regeneration, and cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent discoveries on apoptosis's role in stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells.
- To identify key molecular players regulating apoptosis in stem cells.
- To explore the potential of modulating apoptosis for tissue regeneration strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent scientific investigations.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms controlling apoptosis.
- Examination of apoptosis's role in stem cell biology and tissue engineering.
Main Results:
- Apoptosis is a promising area for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
- Several molecular actors can switch apoptosis pathways on or off.
- Modulating these actors may enable predictable tissue and organ regeneration.
Conclusions:
- Apoptosis is a strategic factor in tissue regeneration.
- Further understanding of apoptosis in stem cells can lead to novel regenerative therapies.
- Mesenchymal stem cells are a key focus for exploring apoptosis-driven regeneration.
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