Population-based interventions addressing food insecurity in Australia: A systematic scoping review
Vivien Yii1, Claire Palermo1, Sue Kleve1
1Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia.
Summary
Population-based interventions for food insecurity (FI) in Australia are limited in scope and effectiveness. A coordinated national approach is needed to address the diverse determinants of FI and improve public health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
- Social Policy
Background:
- Food insecurity (FI) is a significant public health challenge in Australia.
- Addressing the socio-ecological determinants of FI through population-based interventions is crucial for prevention and relief.
- Understanding the characteristics of existing interventions is essential for developing effective strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To map and summarize the characteristics of population-based interventions targeting household and/or community food insecurity in Australia.
- To identify the determinants of food security addressed by these interventions.
- To assess the influence of interventions on socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions.
Main Methods:
- A systematic scoping review of published and grey literature was conducted.
- Searches were performed across five databases and via Google searches in May 2018.
- Intervention data were synthesized through categorization and counting, analyzing their impact on food security dimensions and determinants.
Main Results:
- A total of 98 interventions were identified from 60 records, with limited national reach and concentrated efforts in Victoria, Northern Territory, and Tasmania.
- Interventions frequently addressed living/working environments, food availability, and utilization, but economic access determinants were underrepresented.
- A notable number of interventions lacked rigorous evaluation.
Conclusions:
- Existing population-based responses to food insecurity in Australia show limited effectiveness.
- There is a critical need for coordinated and coherent national strategies to address the multifaceted determinants of food insecurity.
- Enhanced evaluation frameworks are required to ascertain intervention efficacy.
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