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Natural populations face challenges adapting to climate change. This study highlights how genetic variation, plasticity, and population differences influence adaptation in terrestrial vertebrates, using a lizard case study.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Climate Change Biology

Background:

  • Anthropogenic climate change presents a significant challenge to the persistence of natural populations.
  • Research often focuses on the evolutionary capacity of physiological traits to cope with rising temperatures.
  • Existing models like the Breeder's equation do not fully account for phenotypic plasticity and inter-population variation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex interactions between spatial, genetic, and plastic factors contributing to variation in climate-relevant physiological traits.
  • To address key uncertainties regarding traits under selection, the role of plasticity in adaptation, and the potential to harness plasticity for species persistence.
  • To explore how different forms of phenotypic plasticity influence population persistence and rapid evolution under climate change.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on terrestrial vertebrates, with a specific case study on a tropical lizard.
  • Analysis of spatial, genetic, and plastic contributions to physiological trait variation.
  • Examination of how phenotypic plasticity affects exposure to climatic extremes and selection strength.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a complex interplay between spatial, genetic, and plastic contributions to physiological trait variation in a tropical lizard.
  • Identified critical areas for future research, including traits under selection and the role of plasticity in adaptation.
  • Highlighted the importance of inter-population variation as a source of adaptive diversity.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interplay of genetic and plastic responses is crucial for predicting population persistence under climate change.
  • Further research is needed to determine which traits are most critical for adaptation and how plasticity can be leveraged.
  • Field trials promoting adaptation are recommended, particularly for species highly vulnerable to climate change impacts.