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Risk factors of zinc deficiency in children with atopic dermatitis

M S Ehlayel1,2, A Bener3,4

  • 1Weill Cornell Medical College, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar.

European Annals of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|October 10, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Hypozincemia, or low zinc levels, is common in children with atopic dermatitis (AD). Severe AD and high IgE levels increase the risk of hypozincemia in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Nutritional Immunology

Background:

  • Zinc deficiency is linked to increased susceptibility to infections, allergies, and autoimmune conditions.
  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease often associated with immune dysregulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in children.
  • To determine the prevalence of hypozincemia (low serum zinc levels) in children with AD.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study was conducted on 168 children (≤ 14 years) diagnosed with AD who underwent serum zinc testing.
  • Data collected included demographic information, serum zinc levels, IgE levels, food-specific IgE, and skin test results.
  • Disease severity was assessed using the SCORAD index.

Main Results:

  • Of 168 children with AD, 68.3% had severe AD (SCORAD 69.4).
  • Hypozincemia was detected in 25% of the children (n=42), with an average zinc level of 8.6 ± 1.1 µmol/L.
  • Hypozincemia was significantly associated with severe AD (p = 0.0418) and elevated IgE levels (p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Hypozincemia is prevalent in children with atopic dermatitis.
  • Severe AD and elevated IgE are identified as risk factors for hypozincemia in this population.
  • Adjunctive oral zinc supplementation may be beneficial in managing severe, poorly responsive AD.
Abstract

Keywords:
atopic dermatitisIgErisk factorseverezinc deficiency

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