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[Perioperative dexamethasone]
1Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93953, Regensburg, Deutschland. barbara.sinner@klinik.uni-regensburg.de.
Der Anaesthesist
|October 10, 2019
Summary
Dexamethasone, a synthetic steroid, is widely used for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. It is now a standard treatment for preventing and managing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Anesthesiology
- Surgical Care
Background:
- Dexamethasone is a synthetic steroid with established anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and immunosuppressive properties.
- It has a long history of use in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
- Dexamethasone is now recognized as a standard therapy for preventing and treating postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current indications for perioperative dexamethasone administration.
- To outline the potential side effects associated with perioperative dexamethasone use.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of dexamethasone's role in surgical settings.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies and clinical guidelines.
- Analysis of data on dexamethasone's efficacy and safety in perioperative care.
- Synthesis of information regarding dexamethasone's pharmacological actions.
Main Results:
- Dexamethasone is effective in preventing and treating PONV, with established indications.
- Perioperative administration is associated with specific side effect profiles that require consideration.
- The review consolidates evidence supporting its use in surgical patients.
Conclusions:
- Perioperative dexamethasone is a valuable tool for managing PONV.
- Understanding its indications and side effects is crucial for safe and effective clinical application.
- Further research may refine optimal dosing and patient selection for perioperative dexamethasone.
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