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Clock-controlled rhythmic transcription: is the clock enough and how does it work?

Joshua R Beytebiere1, Ben J Greenwell1,2, Aishwarya Sahasrabudhe1

  • 1Department of Biology, Center for Biological Clock Research, Texas A&M University, TX, USA.

Transcription
|October 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Circadian clocks control daily biological rhythms by regulating gene expression. Recent findings reveal that clock gene DNA binding is not the sole mechanism driving these rhythmic outputs, suggesting greater flexibility in circadian transcriptional programs.

Keywords:
CLOCK:BMAL1Circadian clockchromatin interactionsenhancersnucleosomesrhythmic transcriptiontranscription factors

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Circadian clocks are endogenous timekeepers regulating daily biological rhythms.
  • These clocks orchestrate the rhythmic expression of a vast number of genes.
  • Daily oscillations in biological functions are underpinned by these clock-controlled genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore recent findings on circadian clock mechanisms.
  • To investigate mechanisms beyond simple clock gene DNA binding in transcriptional output.
  • To understand how these mechanisms contribute to the adaptability of circadian transcriptional programs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature.
  • Analysis of molecular and genetic studies on circadian gene regulation.
  • Discussion of emerging mechanisms in chronobiology.

Main Results:

  • Circadian clock outputs involve more than just clock gene DNA binding.
  • Additional regulatory mechanisms contribute to rhythmic gene expression.
  • These mechanisms enhance the plasticity of circadian transcriptional programs.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian transcriptional regulation is more complex than previously thought.
  • The identified mechanisms offer new insights into the adaptability of biological rhythms.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for comprehending the plasticity of circadian transcriptional programs.