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Author Spotlight: Modeling an Aspect of Preeclampsia in Female Mice Using Hypoxic Human Placenta-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles
Published on: January 26, 2024
MicroRNAs: Small molecules with a large impact on pre-eclampsia
Maryam Hemmatzadeh1,2,3, Navid Shomali4, Yousef Yousefzadeh4
1Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract:
As critical mediators in biological processes, microRNAs (miRNAs) which are small and endogenous noncoding RNAs have been associated with disease progression, cell proliferation, and development. Pre-eclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-related disorder with no early markers or symptoms is recognized as the main reason for fetal and maternal mortality and morbidity in the initial steps or even during pregnancy, worldwide. Clinical symptoms usually appear in the third trimester of the pregnancy. Although numerous research have unraveled several aspects of placenta development abnormalities associated with abnormal trophoblastic invasion and angiogenesis modification, many questions about the PE pathogenesis remains unanswered. A large number of studies have shown the important role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers in the PE prognosis and diagnosis. Here, the latest investigations about the PE and placental miRNAs expression, as well as, the crucial role of miRNA molecules including miR-210 and miR-155 which are deregulated in patients with PE, will be argued.
Insights
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in biological processes and disease. This study examines their role in pre-eclampsia (PE), a serious pregnancy disorder, highlighting specific deregulated miRNAs like miR-210 and miR-155 as potential biomarkers.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Obstetrics
Background:
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs crucial for biological regulation.
- Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a severe pregnancy disorder causing maternal and fetal mortality, often lacking early diagnostic markers.
- Current understanding of PE pathogenesis, particularly placental abnormalities, remains incomplete.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on miRNA expression in pre-eclampsia.
- To discuss the role of specific miRNAs, such as miR-210 and miR-155, in PE.
- To explore the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for pre-eclampsia.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent investigations on pre-eclampsia and placental miRNA expression.
- Analysis of studies focusing on the deregulation of specific miRNAs (e.g., miR-210, miR-155) in PE patients.
- Synthesis of current knowledge regarding miRNA involvement in PE pathogenesis and biomarker potential.
Main Results:
- Numerous studies indicate that miRNAs are significantly involved in pre-eclampsia.
- Specific miRNAs, including miR-210 and miR-155, are consistently found to be deregulated in patients with PE.
- miRNAs show promise as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of pre-eclampsia.
Conclusions:
- MicroRNAs play a critical role in the biological processes underlying pre-eclampsia.
- Deregulation of specific miRNAs like miR-210 and miR-155 is a hallmark of PE.
- Further research into placental miRNAs could lead to improved diagnostic and prognostic tools for pre-eclampsia.
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