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Related Concept Videos

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

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In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

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Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

11.0K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

18.7K
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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Coordination Engineering in Cobalt-Nitrogen-Functionalized Materials for CO2 Reduction.

Haoqian Zhou1,2, Xiaolong Zou1, Xi Wu1,2

  • 1Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) & Graduate School at Shenzhen , Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055 , P.R. China.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|October 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers optimized cobalt-nitrogen catalysts for carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction. Substituting atoms revealed a trend predicting catalyst activity, enhancing future catalyst design for energy conversion.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Cobalt-nitrogen-functionalized materials show high activity for carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction.
  • Improving catalyst efficiency is crucial for energy conversion processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize cobalt-nitrogen catalysts for CO2 reduction via coordination engineering.
  • To establish a predictive model for catalyst activity based on electronic structure.

Main Methods:

  • Computational screening of cobalt-nitrogen-porphyrin-graphene structures with atom substitutions.
  • Analysis of electronic structures and adsorption energies of CO.
  • Construction of volcano-type plots correlating activity with adsorption energies.

Main Results:

  • A clear activity trend was observed by substituting coordinating nitrogen atoms with carbon or oxygen.
  • Enhanced catalytic activity correlates with the absence of pi bonding in Co-O bonds.
  • Catalytic activity can be predicted using cobalt vacancy formation energy.

Conclusions:

  • Coordination engineering offers a rational design strategy for efficient CO2 reduction catalysts.
  • Understanding electronic structure, specifically Co-O bond characteristics, is key to catalyst optimization.
  • This approach provides a guideline for designing catalysts for various energy conversion reactions.