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Why research ethics should add retrospective review.

Angus Dawson1, Sapfo Lignou2, Chesmal Siriwardhana3

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Summary

Prospective research ethics review is insufficient, often becoming a procedural hurdle. Retrospective review, involving diverse stakeholders, enhances ethical reflection, decision-making, and integrity in research involving human subjects.

Keywords:
IntegrityProspective reviewResearch ethicsRetrospective reviewVirtues

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Area of Science:

  • Research Ethics
  • Human Subject Research
  • Scientific Integrity

Background:

  • Current research ethics primarily focuses on prospective review for ethical approval.
  • This prospective approach is often perceived as a procedural 'tick-box' exercise.
  • Existing methods may not sufficiently foster deep ethical reflection or develop researchers' moral sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To argue for the insufficiency of prospective research ethics review alone.
  • To propose retrospective review as a crucial complementary approach.
  • To enhance ethical reflection, decision-making, and integrity in research.

Main Methods:

  • Proposing retrospective review as a complement to prospective review.
  • Developing arguments for the limitations of current rules-based, prospective ethics review.
  • Advocating for multi-stakeholder involvement in retrospective assessment.

Main Results:

  • Prospective review is insufficient for comprehensive ethical oversight.
  • Retrospective review can foster ethical sensitivity, decision-making skills, and integrity.
  • Involving diverse stakeholders (ethics committees, communities, researchers) enhances learning and trust.

Conclusions:

  • Retrospective review is essential to complement prospective ethical approval processes.
  • This approach moves beyond procedural compliance to cultivate deeper ethical understanding and practice.
  • Further research is needed to empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of retrospective review initiatives.