Is Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction a Kidney Disorder?

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Nephrology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex condition characterized by exertional intolerance, cardiac dysfunction, and fluid overload.
• HFpEF is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, posing a major clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent clinical research on the associations between HFpEF and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
• To discuss the role of comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes mellitus in both conditions.
• To explore novel therapeutic strategies targeting both cardiac and renal functions.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent clinical research and literature.
• Analysis of mechanisms linking HFpEF and CKD, including hypervolemia, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.
• Discussion of therapeutic approaches, including volume management and new drug classes.

Main Results:

• Recognized similarities and associations between HFpEF and CKD.
• Identified shared mechanisms such as hypervolemia, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.
• Highlighted novel therapeutic agents like sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors and angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitors.

Conclusions:

• Fluid and salt retention in CKD may precipitate HFpEF.
• Targeting shared comorbidities and managing volume are crucial.
• Alleviating renal injury and slowing CKD progression may offer significant therapeutic benefits for HFpEF patients.