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WITHDRAWN: Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different types of dental implants.

Marco Esposito¹, Yasmin Ardebili, Helen V Worthington

¹Cochrane Oral Health, Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, JR Moore Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK, M13 9PL.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|October 11, 2019

Summary

No specific dental implant type demonstrated superior long-term success. However, implants with smoother, turned surfaces showed a reduced risk of peri-implantitis compared to rougher surfaces.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Dental Implantology
Clinical Dentistry

Background:

Dental implants vary in material, shape, and surface characteristics, with numerous designs developed to enhance clinical outcomes.
This review is an update of a Cochrane review originally published in 2002, with subsequent updates in 2003, 2005, and 2007.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the clinical effects of different root-formed osseointegrated dental implant types for tooth replacement.
Specific comparisons include implants with different surface preparations, shapes, materials, or combinations thereof.
Secondarily, to compare turned versus roughened dental implants regarding early failure and peri-implantitis.

Main Methods:

Searched Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE up to January 2014.
Included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing osseointegrated dental implants with at least one year of follow-up.
Analyzed outcomes including implant success, marginal bone level changes, and peri-implantitis incidence using fixed-effect or random-effects models.

Main Results:

Included 27 RCTs with 1512 participants and 3230 implants, comparing 38 different implant types.
No significant differences in implant failures were found between various implant types.
Implants with turned (smoother) surfaces showed a 20% reduced risk of peri-implantitis compared to rough surfaces at three years.

Conclusions:

No evidence suggests any particular dental implant type offers superior long-term success.
Limited evidence indicates that smoother (turned) surfaced implants may be less prone to peri-implantitis than rougher surfaces.
Findings are based on RCTs, many with high risk of bias, limited participants, and short follow-up periods.