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Nondisjunction

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Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers. Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis. Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...

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Does Neospora caninum cause reproductive problems in pigs?

Alessandra Snak¹, Gilberto Serighelli Junior¹, Giulia Von Tonnemann Pilati¹

¹Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Boulevard Luiz de Camões, 2090, Conta Dinheiro, Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brazil.

Veterinary Parasitology

|October 11, 2019

Summary

Neospora caninum infection in pigs can be transmitted from mother to offspring across all stages of pregnancy. This study confirms transplacental transmission, impacting piglet health regardless of when the infection occurs during gestation.

Keywords:

Gilts Mummified Neosporosis Piglets

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Parasitology
Animal Reproduction
Molecular Biology

Background:

Neospora caninum causes reproductive issues in livestock, but its impact on swine reproduction is understudied.
Limited research exists on Neospora caninum's effects on pig reproductive health and fetal development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum in pigs at various gestational stages.
To determine if Neospora caninum infection affects piglet viability and can be detected in fetal tissues.

Main Methods:

Female pigs were inoculated with Neospora caninum at different times relative to conception and gestation.
Serological testing (IFAT) monitored infection in dams; PCR analyzed fetal and piglet tissues for parasite DNA.

Main Results:

All inoculated pigs developed antibodies (IgG) against Neospora caninum.
A significant percentage of fetuses were mummified, with Neospora caninum DNA detected in nine of them.
PCR analysis confirmed Neospora caninum in 88% of live piglets born to infected sows, with all sows producing at least one positive piglet.

Conclusions:

Neospora caninum is transmitted transplacentally in pigs throughout all trimesters of gestation.
Infection with Neospora caninum poses a significant risk to piglet viability and health, regardless of the timing of maternal infection.