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Distributed Acoustic Sensing Using Chirped-Pulse Phase-Sensitive OTDR Technology.

María R Fernández-Ruiz1, Luis Costa2, Hugo F Martins3

  • 1Department of Electronics, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain. rosario.fernandezr@uah.es.

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|October 12, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chirped-pulse (CP-)ΦOTDR is a reference for distributed acoustic sensing, offering reliable, high-sensitivity measurements immune to fading points. This cost-effective method is suitable for diverse applications like seismology and civil engineering.

Keywords:
Rayleigh scatteringchirped-pulsedistributed acoustic sensingoptical time-domain reflectometryphase-sensitive OTDR

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Fiber Optic Sensing
  • Distributed Acoustic Sensing

Background:

  • Phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (ΦOTDR) is crucial for distributed sensing.
  • Conventional interrogation strategies face limitations like fading points and complexity.
  • Chirped-pulse (CP-)ΦOTDR emerged as a novel, direct-detection technique in 2016.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To revisit the operational principles of CP-ΦOTDR.
  • To highlight its unique performance characteristics and advantages.
  • To compare CP-ΦOTDR with alternative distributed sensing methods, particularly coherent-detection-based ΦOTDR.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes a chirped-pulse as a probe within a direct-detection setup.
  • Mathematical formalization and experimental demonstration of the technique.
  • Characterization of sensor performance over 100 km with a low-cost setup.

Main Results:

  • CP-ΦOTDR demonstrates intrinsic immunity to fading points.
  • Achieves reliable, high-sensitivity measurements with bounded cost and complexity.
  • Performance approaches attainable limits (tens-hundreds of pe/sqrt(Hz)) over 100 km.

Conclusions:

  • CP-ΦOTDR has become a benchmark for distributed acoustic sensing due to its simplicity and robustness.
  • Its advantages make it suitable for seismology, civil engineering, and emerging chemical/temperature sensing applications.
  • The technique offers a competitive and straightforward method for distributed fiber sensing.