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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Fermi Level01:18

Fermi Level

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The Fermi-Dirac function is represented by an S-shaped curve indicating the probability of an energy state being occupied by an electron at a given temperature. The Fermi level is the energy level at which there is a fifty percent chance of finding an electron, and it is positioned between the lower-energy valence band and the higher-energy conduction band.
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms03:26

Electron Configuration of Multielectron Atoms

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The alkali metal sodium (atomic number 11) has one more electron than the neon atom. This electron must go into the lowest-energy subshell available, the 3s orbital, giving a 1s22s22p63s1 configuration. The electrons occupying the outermost shell orbital(s) (highest value of n) are called valence electrons, and those occupying the inner shell orbitals are called core electrons. Since the core electron shells correspond to noble gas electron configurations, we can abbreviate electron...
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Spatial control of heavy-fermion superconductivity in CeIrIn5.

Maja D Bachmann1,2, G M Ferguson3, Florian Theuss3

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, D-01187 Dresden, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers achieved disorder-free, micrometer-scale control over superconductivity in heavy-fermion materials. Focused ion beam milling induced nonuniform strain, patterning the superconducting state without degrading material quality.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Strongly correlated metals host diverse electronic ground states.
  • Spatially controlling these electronic states remains a significant challenge.
  • Heavy-fermion superconductors like CeIrIn5 exhibit complex behaviors sensitive to external stimuli.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel method for spatially modulating superconducting properties.
  • To achieve disorder-free, micrometer-scale control over the superconducting state.
  • To explore the impact of engineered strain fields on superconductivity in CeIrIn5.

Main Methods:

  • Focused ion beam (FIB) milling was used to pattern crystals of CeIrIn5.
  • Tailoring boundary conditions induced nonuniform strain fields upon cooling.
  • The superconducting transition temperature was measured as a function of strain.

Main Results:

  • Disorder-free, micrometer-scale control over the superconducting state was achieved.
  • Engineered strain fields created complex patterns of superconductivity.
  • The transition temperature strongly depended on the magnitude and direction of strain.

Conclusions:

  • FIB-induced strain offers a generic approach to manipulate electronic order in quantum materials.
  • This method allows for precise control without compromising material integrity.
  • The findings open new avenues for designing and engineering superconducting devices.