Proper sit-stand work schedule to reduce the negative outcomes of sedentary behavior: a randomized clinical trial

Objective. This study aimed to recommend an appropriate sit-stand schedule among office workers. Methods. The participants were randomly allocated into Time Regime 1 (TR1), Time Regime 2 (TR2) and Control (C) groups. A sit-stand workstation was provided to the TR1 and TR2 groups. The following variables were assessed: energy and macronutrients, energy expenditure in the workshift, blood parameters, depression, musculoskeletal symptoms, fatigue, productivity, workstation comfort and acceptability of the sit-stand workstation. Results. The results showed a significant increase in energy expenditure in the TR1 and TR2 groups in comparison to the C group. After the intervention, the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the shoulders, wrists/hands, and ankles/feet was related to the TR1 group, which was significantly different from the TR2 and C groups. Additionally, the 'severity of depression' was reduced significantly in the TR1 and TR2 groups compared to the C group. The scores for 'total fatigue' and its subscales were also reduced in the TR2 group. Furthermore, TR2 improved 'total productivity' and some of its subscales. Moreover, TR2 had a higher acceptability compared to TR1. Conclusions. TR2 had a positive effect on the office workers' energy expenditure, blood parameters, depression, fatigue and productivity.