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Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress
Published on: October 11, 2024
The Trithorax Group Factor ULTRAPETALA1 Regulates Developmental as Well as Biotic and Abiotic Stress Response Genes
Ludmila Tyler1, Mark J Miller1, Jennifer C Fletcher2
1Plant Gene Expression Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Albany, California, 94710 and Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 94720.
Abstract:
In eukaryotes, Polycomb group (PcG) and trithorax group (trxG) factors oppositely regulate gene transcription during development through histone modifications, with PcG factors repressing and trxG factors activating the expression of their target genes. Although plant trxG factors regulate many developmental and physiological processes, their downstream targets are poorly characterized. Here we use transcriptomics to identify genome-wide targets of the Arabidopsis thaliana trxG factor ULTRAPETALA1 (ULT1) during vegetative and reproductive development and compare them with those of the PcG factor CURLY LEAF (CLF). We find that genes involved in development and transcription regulation are over-represented among ULT1 target genes. In addition, stress response genes and defense response genes such as those in glucosinolate metabolic pathways are enriched, revealing a previously unknown role for ULT1 in controlling biotic and abiotic response pathways. Finally, we show that many ULT1 target genes can be oppositely regulated by CLF, suggesting that ULT1 and CLF may have antagonistic effects on plant growth and development in response to various endogenous and environmental cues.
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Transcription
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Cell Signaling in Plants
Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss