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Effects of Mechanical Methods Used in Peri-implantitis Treatment on Implant Surface Decontamination and Roughness
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Periodontitis and diabetes.

Philip M Preshaw1, Susan M Bissett2

  • 1Professor of Periodontology, National University Centre for Oral Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore. philip.preshaw@nus.edu.sg.

British Dental Journal
|October 13, 2019
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Summary

Periodontitis and diabetes share a bidirectional link, with each condition worsening the other. Treating gum disease in diabetic patients improves blood sugar control, highlighting the dental team's crucial role.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral health and metabolic disease research
  • Interprofessional healthcare collaboration

Background:

  • Periodontitis and diabetes are complex chronic diseases with a bidirectional relationship.
  • Diabetes increases periodontitis risk (2-3x), influenced by glycemic control.
  • Periodontitis is linked to elevated HbA1c and increased diabetes risk in non-diabetics, and worse outcomes in diabetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence linking periodontitis and diabetes.
  • To explore the dental team's role in managing patients with both conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current evidence.
  • Analysis of the impact of periodontitis on diabetes and vice versa.
  • Consideration of interprofessional working.

Main Results:

  • Periodontitis treatment improves glycemic control (HbA1c reduction of 3-4 mmol/mol) in diabetic patients short-term.
  • Severe periodontitis is associated with increased risk of developing diabetes.
  • Periodontitis is linked to higher HbA1c and worse complications in type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • The dental team plays a vital role in managing patients with diabetes and periodontitis.
  • Improved interprofessional collaboration is advocated but faces practical barriers.
  • Effective management requires addressing the complex interplay between oral health and diabetes control.