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Human Parvovirus 4: A harmless bystander or a pathogen of severe acute respiratory illness

Shantanu Prakash1, Suruchi Shukla1, Vangala Ramakrishna1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, UP, 226003, India.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|October 13, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Human Parvovirus 4 (PARV4) is strongly associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI). This study found PARV4 in over 26% of SARI cases, suggesting its role in causing severe respiratory illness.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) is a significant global health concern, responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality.
  • Numerous viral and bacterial pathogens cause SARI, but the etiological agents are not fully understood.
  • Human Parvovirus 4 (PARV4) has been identified in human samples, yet its direct link to SARI remained unestablished.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential association between PARV4 infection and the occurrence of SARI.
  • To determine if PARV4 is a contributing factor in the development of severe respiratory illness.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted involving 241 SARI patients and 146 healthy controls.
  • Nasal and throat swab samples were analyzed using real-time PCR to detect common respiratory viruses and PARV4.
  • The prevalence of PARV4 was compared between the SARI case group and the healthy control group.

Main Results:

  • PARV4 was detected in 64 (26.55%) of SARI cases, significantly higher than in one (0.68%) healthy control.
  • PARV4 emerged as the most frequently identified viral agent among the SARI patients.
  • A robust association was observed between PARV4 detection and the presence of severe respiratory illness.

Conclusions:

  • The significantly higher detection rate of PARV4 in SARI cases compared to controls strongly suggests a causal link between PARV4 and SARI.
  • The findings indicate that PARV4 is an important viral pathogen contributing to SARI.
  • Genotype 2 of PARV4 was identified as the sole circulating strain in the studied population.
Keywords:
GenotypeIndiaPARVO 4 virusSevere acute respiratory illness

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