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Related Experiment Videos

Implicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects.

P Graf, D L Schacter

    Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
    |July 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Repetition priming effects depend on context. Elaborative study tasks enhance priming when word pairs are presented in the same context, indicating implicit memory for associations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Memory Research

    Background:

    • Repetition priming effects are well-documented in memory research.
    • The influence of associative learning on implicit memory remains an area of investigation.
    • Understanding the role of context in memory retrieval is crucial for cognitive models.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how new associations between word pairs affect repetition priming.
    • To determine if context (same vs. different paired words) modulates priming effects.
    • To examine the role of elaborative processing in associative memory and priming.

    Main Methods:

    • Two experiments utilized a word completion task following a single study trial.
    • Participants studied unrelated word pairs, then completed three-letter word fragments.

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  • Fragments were presented either with their original paired word (same context) or a new word (different context).
  • A study task requiring elaborative processing was compared to other tasks.

    • Main Results:

    • A larger priming effect was observed in the same-context condition compared to the different-context condition.
    • This effect was significant only when the study task involved elaborative processing.
    • The findings were consistent across college students and amnesic patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Implicit memory for newly formed associations is influenced by the retrieval context.
    • Elaborative processing strengthens these associations, making them more susceptible to contextual influences on priming.
    • Word completion performance relies on implicit memory for associations, independent of explicit recollection.