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G6PD deficiency: An update.

Susan J Harcke1, Denise Rizzolo, H Theodore Harcke

  • 1Susan J. Harcke is a PA and medical officer in the Delaware National Guard's 31st Civil Support Team in Smyrna, Del. Denise Rizzolo is an assistant clinical professor at the Pace Completion Program in the Department of Physician Studies in New York City and an assessment specialist for the Physician Assistant Education Association. H. Theodore Harcke is a professor of radiology and pediatrics at Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, in Philadelphia, Pa. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
|October 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, an inherited disorder, is increasingly seen in the US due to immigration. Early recognition and avoiding triggers are key to preventing hemolytic anemia in affected individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Hematology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common inherited red blood cell disorder.
  • While prevalent in the Middle East and Africa, global migration increases its incidence in Western healthcare systems.
  • G6PD enzyme protects erythrocytes from oxidative stress; deficiency can cause hemolysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing clinical relevance of G6PD deficiency in the US.
  • To inform healthcare providers about the potential for hemolysis in deficient individuals.
  • To emphasize the importance of identifying and managing G6PD deficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on G6PD deficiency prevalence and clinical manifestations.
  • Analysis of the impact of immigration on US healthcare demographics.
  • Clinical case examples illustrating G6PD-related hemolysis.

Main Results:

  • G6PD deficiency presents with varied severity and triggers.
  • Common triggers include infections, certain medications, and fava beans.
  • Neonatal jaundice and acute hemolytic anemia are key clinical signs.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians must consider G6PD deficiency in at-risk populations.
  • Screening and patient education on trigger avoidance are crucial.
  • Proactive management prevents severe hemolytic episodes and complications.