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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
532
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

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Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
358
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

265
Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
265
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

1.1K
A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

A Model of Reverse Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension Due to Left Heart Disease by Aortic Debanding in Rats
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Pulmonary Hypertension: A Contraindication for Lung Volume Reduction Surgery?

Sowmyanarayanan Thuppal1, Traves Crabtree1, Stephen Markwell1

  • 1Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|October 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) shows similar outcomes for emphysema patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) compared to those without. This suggests LVRS may be a viable option for select patients with PH.

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Left Atrial Stenosis Induced Pulmonary Venous Arterialization and Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat
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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was historically a contraindication for lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS).
  • Recent evidence suggests LVRS can be successful in carefully selected emphysema patients with PH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate in-hospital and 1-year functional and quality of life (QOL) outcomes in emphysema patients with PH undergoing LVRS.
  • To compare outcomes between patients with and without PH post-LVRS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 124 patients undergoing LVRS, identifying 56 with PH (mean PAP 41 mm Hg).
  • PH defined by right heart catheterization or echocardiogram (pulmonary artery pressure >35 mm Hg).
  • In-hospital outcomes and 1-year functional parameters (lung function, 6-minute walk distance) and QOL were assessed.

Main Results:

  • In-hospital outcomes were comparable between patients with and without PH.
  • Significant improvements in lung function, 6-minute walk distance, and QOL were observed at 1-year follow-up in patients with PH.
  • No significant differences in baseline or follow-up functional and QOL outcomes between the two groups.

Conclusions:

  • Outcomes for emphysema patients with PH undergoing LVRS were similar to those without PH in this cohort.
  • LVRS may be a potential therapeutic option for select emphysema patients with PH.