[Peritonitis in renal failure patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Treatment by intraperitoneal administration of a group M penicillin]
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Abstract:
From February 1980 to February 1983, 55 patients with chronic renal failure were put on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Eighty-four episodes of peritonitis occurred., i.e one episode every 9.9 months of treatment. Since staphylococci accounted for 58% of the germs identified, intraperitoneal therapy with a penicillin M was instituted while dialysis was continued through chambers. Cure was obtained in 85.7% of all episodes, either with the penicillin M alone (57% of the cases) or after adjustment of the antibiotic therapy to bacteriological results (28.6% of the cases). Dialysis was discontinued in 10 patients (18%) on account of the peritonitis. The duration of hospital stay for peritonitis was 3.6 days per patient per year. These results were compared with those obtained by other groups. The advantages of penicillin M are its ease of administration, its narrow spectrum and high activity against the pathogens most commonly encountered, and its very low toxicity.
Insights
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients experienced peritonitis, often caused by staphylococci. Intraperitoneal penicillin M therapy proved effective in 85.7% of cases, with minimal toxicity, making it a valuable treatment option.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Context:
- Chronic renal failure management
- Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) complications
- Peritonitis in dialysis patients
Purpose:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intraperitoneal penicillin M for treating peritonitis in CAPD patients.
- To assess the impact of peritonitis on CAPD treatment continuation and healthcare resource utilization.
Summary:
- A study of 55 CAPD patients from 1980-1983 documented 84 peritonitis episodes.
- Staphylococci were identified in 58% of cases, prompting intraperitoneal penicillin M therapy.
- Treatment with penicillin M achieved an 85.7% cure rate, with 18% of patients discontinuing dialysis due to peritonitis.
Impact:
- Penicillin M demonstrated ease of administration, narrow-spectrum efficacy against common pathogens, and low toxicity.
- The findings support penicillin M as a beneficial therapeutic option for CAPD-associated peritonitis.
- Reduced hospital stay duration and effective treatment outcomes were observed.