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A Multi-Channel Asynchronous Neurostimulator With Artifact Suppression for Neural Code-Based Stimulations.

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  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Neural Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

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A new neurostimulator precisely delivers electrical pulses to 32 electrodes with advanced artifact suppression. This system enables rapid neural recording for closed-loop stimulation, crucial for brain-computer interfaces and memory prostheses.

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artifact suppressionbraindeep brain stimulationhippocampal memory prosthesisintracortical stimulationmultiplexing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Precise neural stimulation is crucial for understanding brain function and developing therapeutic interventions.
  • Existing neurostimulators often struggle with stimulus artifact, limiting simultaneous stimulation and recording.
  • Developing miniaturized, cost-effective neurostimulators is essential for widespread clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, fabricate, and characterize a novel neurostimulator for precise, asynchronous electrical stimulation.
  • To integrate a stimulus artifact suppression (SAS) technique for simultaneous neural recording.
  • To evaluate the system's performance in phantom and in vivo models for neural interface applications.

Main Methods:

  • A multiplexing system capable of delivering constant current biphasic pulses to 32 electrodes with arbitrary temporal patterns.
  • Implementation of a stimulus artifact suppression (SAS) technique using CMOS switches to disconnect electrodes during stimulation and ground amplifier inputs.
  • Evaluation using phantom preparations and in vivo testing in the hippocampi of behaving rats.

Main Results:

  • The neurostimulator successfully generated arbitrary spatio-temporal stimulation patterns with controlled pulse magnitude and timing.
  • In vivo experiments demonstrated the ability to record evoked potentials approximately 2 ms after stimulation, a significant improvement over commercial systems.
  • The SAS technique effectively minimized stimulus artifact, enabling short-latency recordings from the same electrodes used for stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed neurostimulator offers precise, low-latency, closed-loop neural stimulation and recording capabilities.
  • The integrated SAS technique significantly enhances the ability to monitor neural activity during stimulation.
  • This technology holds promise for advanced neural interface applications, including hippocampal memory prostheses for cognitive function restoration.