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How do adolescents with ADHD perceive and experience stress? An interview study
Caisa Öster1, Mia Ramklint1, Jenny Meyer1
1Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Nordic Journal of Psychiatry
|October 16, 2019
Summary
Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) experience significant stress intertwined with their condition. Effective stress management strategies, including psychoeducation and coaching, are crucial for their treatment.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Neuroscience
- Adolescent Health
Background:
- Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) report high stress levels, leading to stress management integration in treatments.
- Limited research exists on perceived stress experiences among adolescents diagnosed with ADHD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To qualitatively explore how adolescents with ADHD perceive and experience stress and its triggers.
- To understand the relationship between stress, ADHD symptoms, and daily functioning in adolescents.
Main Methods:
- Conducted exploratory interviews with 20 adolescents (mean age 16.30) diagnosed with ADHD undergoing group therapy.
- Utilized qualitative content analysis to interpret interview data on stress perception and management.
Main Results:
- Stress, ADHD, anxiety, and ill-health are closely interconnected in adolescents.
- Stressors include ADHD symptoms, academic demands, unpredictability, and relationship issues, leading to consequences like procrastination and helplessness.
- Help-seeking, acceptance, self-regulation, and planning were identified as coping mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- Stress is a significant factor in adolescent ADHD that warrants clinical consideration.
- Integrating stress-related psychoeducation, coping strategies, and coaching into ADHD treatment for adolescents is recommended.
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