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Occupational class, capitalist class advantage and mortality among working-age men.

Lauri Kokkinen1, Carles Muntaner2,3, Aki Koskinen4

  • 1Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland lauri.kokkinen@tuni.fi.

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Understanding social class and capital ownership is crucial for health equity. The capitalist class advantage significantly widens premature death disparities across occupational groups, highlighting the need for nuanced health inequality research.

Keywords:
longitudinal studiesmortalitysocial class

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Established mortality disparities exist across occupational grades and income levels.
  • Previous research has overlooked the role of individuals' relationships to capital in mortality.
  • Class analysis frameworks suggest incorporating capital relations for a comprehensive understanding of health inequalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of occupational class, including relationships to capital, on mortality disparities.
  • To examine how different class locations, defined by occupation and capital ownership, influence premature death.
  • To determine if a capitalist class advantage independently affects mortality inequalities within an occupational hierarchy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Wright's classification to define 10 mutually exclusive occupational classes based on occupation and investment income.
  • Analyzed mortality data from a large cohort of Finnish men (n=268,239) aged 30-64, representing 33% of the target population.
  • Monitored mortality data over a 20-year period (1995-2014) and calculated sociodemographic-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs).

Main Results:

  • Capitalist managers exhibited the lowest mortality rates (HR 0.50) compared to workers without a capitalist advantage.
  • A clear occupational class gradient in mortality was observed, with higher risk from managers to supervisors to workers.
  • The capitalist class advantage was found to independently widen disparities in mortality within the occupational hierarchy.

Conclusions:

  • Different occupational class positions offer varying degrees of protection against premature death.
  • The capitalist class advantage exacerbates premature death disparities among occupational classes.
  • Future research should incorporate investment income and operationalize the capitalist class advantage for a more nuanced understanding of social inequalities in health.